The ICSE (Indian School Certificate) Class XII syllabus is divided into various streams and subjects, catering to the diverse academic interests of students. Below is a detailed syllabus for all streams and subjects offered in ICSE Class XII:
1. Group I (Compulsory English)
1.1. English
English Language:
Essay Writing: Descriptive, Narrative, Reflective, Argumentative
Composition: Formal and Informal Letters, Reports, Notices, Proposals
Comprehension: Unseen passages with questions on inference, vocabulary, and summarization
Directed Writing: Based on the given inputs, such as interviews, speeches, articles
Grammar: Syntax, tense, sentence transformation, punctuation, and error detection
English Literature:
Drama: One Shakespearean play (e.g., “The Tempest” or “Hamlet”)
Poetry: Selected poems from a prescribed anthology
Themes of love, nature, death, and social issues
Prose: Short stories and essays from a prescribed anthology
Analyzing character, theme, style, and plot
2. Group II (Elective Subjects)
Students can choose from the following subjects based on their stream (Science, Commerce, Humanities):
2.1. Science Stream
Physics:
Electrostatics
Current Electricity
Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents
Electromagnetic Waves
Optics
Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
Atoms and Nuclei
Electronic Devices
Communication Systems
Practicals: Experiments based on the above topics
Chemistry:
Solid State
Solutions
Electrochemistry
Chemical Kinetics
Surface Chemistry
General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
pBlock Elements, d and fBlock Elements
Coordination Compounds
Organic Chemistry: Haloalkanes, Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers, Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic Acids, Amines, Biomolecules
Practicals: Titrations, qualitative analysis, preparation of organic compounds
Biology:
Reproduction: Reproduction in Organisms, Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, Human Reproduction
Genetics and Evolution: Principles of Inheritance, Molecular Basis of Inheritance, Evolution
Biology and Human Welfare: Health and Disease, Improvement in Food Production, Microbes in Human Welfare
Biotechnology: Principles and Processes, Applications
Ecology and Environment: Organisms and Populations, Ecosystem, Biodiversity, Environmental Issues
Practicals: Experiments related to the above topics
Mathematics:
Relations and Functions
Algebra: Matrices, Determinants, Complex Numbers, Binomial Theorem
Calculus: Limits, Continuity, Differentiation, Application of Derivatives, Integrals, Differential Equations
Vector Algebra
ThreeDimensional Geometry
Linear Programming
Probability
Computer Science:
Boolean Algebra
Computer Hardware: Microprocessor and Memory
Programming in Java: ObjectOriented Programming, Data Structures, Arrays, Linked Lists, Stacks, Queues
Data Communication and Networking
Practical: Programming in Java, Project Work
2.2. Commerce Stream
Accountancy:
Partnership Accounts: Fundamentals, Admission, Retirement, Death of a Partner
Company Accounts: Issue of Shares and Debentures, Redemption of Debentures
Financial Statements of Companies: Balance Sheet, Profit & Loss Account
Analysis of Financial Statements: Ratio Analysis, Cash Flow Statement
Computerized Accounting: Concepts, Accounting Software
Project Work: Practical application of the above topics
Business Studies:
Business Environment: Introduction, Factors Affecting Business Environment
Management: Principles of Management, Functions of Management
Financial Management: Financial Planning, Capital Structure, Fixed and Working Capital, Dividend Decisions
Marketing Management: Marketing Concepts, Functions, and Mix
Consumer Protection: Consumer Rights, Responsibilities, and Redressal Mechanisms
Project Work: Research on business and managementrelated topics
Economics:
Microeconomics: Demand, Supply, Consumer Behavior, Production, Cost, Market Forms, Revenue
Macroeconomics: National Income, Determinants of Income, Employment, Money, Banking, Government Budget, Balance of Payments
Indian Economic Development: Development Issues, Human Capital Formation, Rural Development, Employment, Poverty
Statistics: Measures of Central Tendency, Dispersion, Correlation, Index Numbers
Project Work: Application of economic theories to realworld scenarios
2.3. Humanities Stream
History:
Themes in Indian History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern Periods
World History: Industrial Revolution, World Wars, United Nations, Decolonization, Cold War, Globalization
Indian National Movement: 1857 to 1947
PostIndependence India: Political, Social, Economic developments
Practicals: Sourcebased questions, project work on historical events
Political Science:
Comparative Politics: Political Systems, Structures, Functions
Indian Constitution: Features, Fundamental Rights and Duties, Directive Principles
Politics in India: Election Process, Political Parties, Pressure Groups
International Relations: United Nations, NAM, International Organizations, Global Issues
Project Work: Research on contemporary political issues
Sociology:
Indian Society: Structure, Family, Marriage, Caste System, Religion, Social Change, Challenges
Social Institutions: Continuity and Change, Market as a Social Institution, Patterns of Social Inequality
Social Movements in India: Reform Movements, Movements of Dalits, Tribals, Women
Challenges of Cultural Diversity: Communalism, Regionalism, Casteism
Project Work: Sociological research and case studies
Psychology:
Psychological Processes: Learning, Memory, Thinking, Motivation, Emotion
Developmental Psychology: Life Span Development, Childhood, Adolescence, Adulthood
Personality: Theories, Assessment Techniques
Psychological Disorders: Classification, Causes, Treatment
Social Psychology: Group Behavior, Prejudice, Discrimination, Aggression
Practicals: Case studies, experiments, psychological tests
3. Group III (Optional Subjects)
Students can choose one subject from the following:
3.1. Physical Education
Theory:
Physical Fitness, Wellness, and Lifestyle
Sports Training: Principles, Methods, Techniques
Health Education: Nutrition, First Aid, Communicable Diseases
Practicals: Athletics, Games, Yoga, Physical Fitness Tests
3.2. Environmental Science
Ecology and Ecosystem:
Structure and Function of Ecosystem, Biodiversity, Conservation
Environmental Pollution: Causes, Effects, Control Measures
Natural Resources: Water, Forest, Soil, Mineral Conservation
Global Environmental Concerns: Climate Change, Global Warming, Ozone Layer Depletion
Project Work: Environmental issues and sustainability
3.3. Home Science
Human Development:
Growth and Development, Personality, Learning, Family Relationships
Nutrition: Balanced Diet, Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Meal Planning
Textiles: Fiber to Fabric, Weaving, Dyeing, Printing
Consumer Education: Consumer Rights, Protection, Management of Resources
Practicals: Cooking, Sewing, Childcare, Nutrition Projects
4. Project Work and Practical Exams
Most subjects require students to complete practical work or projects, which contribute to their final assessment. This may include experiments, fieldwork, case studies, or research projects.
The ISC Class XII syllabus is designed to provide indepth knowledge and prepare students for higher education. For specific details, updates, and the most accurate syllabus, students should refer to the official CISCE (Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations) website or consult their school.